Word/Phrase Lists for Individual Thematic Categories Used in “Change from a Distance: Digital Analysis of Ottoman Şeyhülislams’ Fetvas in the Early Modern Era”

The words and phrases associated with specific thematic categories are listed below. These lists are based on the “operational” text, which was prepared by eliminating the infrequent words and after stemming and lemmating processes. This is why many words or phrases that one might have expected to appear in the lists are missing. Also, not every single variation (including spelling) or derivative of a particular word or phrase is indicated in the lists. Thus, the reader should take the lists as illustrative rather than comprehensive.

Monetary: akça, dirhem, filori, guruş, mangır, nakid, sikke, and derivatives.

Property—Real estate: ahır, akar, anbar, arsa, arz-ı haraci, arz-ı havz-ı memleket, arz-ı memlüke, arz-ı öşriyye, avlu, bağ, bahçe, beyt, bina, çardak, çiftlik, değirmen, duvar, dükkan, emlak, ev, fırın, hamam, han, kapı, menzil, sükna, şüfa, tavan, and derivatives.

Property—Slavery: abd, abık, azad, ba’d el-ıtk, cariye, esir, hür, ibak, istirkak, itak, kul, köle, mevla, müdebber, mükateb, and derivatives.

Property—Other: altın, araba, bargir, basma, bez, bilezik, camus, çuka, davar, deve, döşeg, emtia, emval, esvab, eşcar, giysi, gümüş, harir, hımar, inek, kaftan, katır, kazgan, kılıç, kısrak, koyun, kuşak, küp, kürk, libas, mal, meta, mevaşi, öküz, sığır, tuz, yapak, yüzük, and derivatives.

Property—Terminology: mal, malik, memlük, mülk, rakabe, temlik, and derivatives.

Family: ağırlık, akraba, ammi, ana, asabe, baba, bain, batn, benat, bi-la-veled, boşa, ced, cihaz, doğur, düğün, ebeveyn, ebna, evlen, eytam, hane, hemşire, hidane, hul, hulle, idde, karındaş, kerime, kızı, lian, lieb, liüm, mahrem, mehr, nafaka, namzed, neseb, nesl, nikah, oğlu, rada, talak, tatlik, tezvic, vali, valide, veled, yetim, üvey, zevc, zifaf, and derivatives.

Women: aişe, ana, avrat, baliğe, bekaret, bikr, bilezik, bint, cariye, doğur, duhul, ferc, hatun, hayz, hemşire, hidane, hind, hul, inas, kadın, kerime, kız, mehr, mutallaka, nasraniye, nikah, nisa, talak, tatlik, valide, zaniye, zevce, zeyneb, zifaf, and derivatives.

Inheritance: kısm, kısmet, maruf-un-neseb, miras, muhallefat, tereke, varis, vasiyet, vefat, veraset, verese, yetim, and derivatives.

Waqf: cabi, istibdal, meremmet, mevkuf, müstegal, mütevelli, rakabe, tevliyet, vakfiye, vakıf, vakıfname, and derivatives.

Gender issues and sexuality: bekaret, bikr, cima, duhul, emred, fahişe, ferc, hamile, hayz, livata, luti, namahrem, şehvet, zeker, zifaf, zina, and derivatives.

Disputing and litigation: adavet, adil, ahkam, beraat, beyyine, dava, def, delil, fetva, hakim, hakimü’l-vakt, hasm, hükm, husümet, ikrar, inkar, isbat, isnad, işhad, istima, itiraf, kadı, kaza, kuzat, meclis-i şer, mesmua, müddea, müddei, müfti, münkir, murafa, mütevatir, naib, niza, sicil, suleha, sulh, şahid, şehadet, tadil, tezkiye, and derivatives.

Crime: alet-i cariha, alet-i harb, avaz, bi’l-fesad, cebr, cima, darb, eşkiya, fısk, gadr, gasb, harami, iftira, kan, kasame, katil, katl, kazf, kazib, kutta-i tarik, küfr, livata, luti, maktul, mecruh, mezni, nehb, öldür, riba, rüşvet, sirka, şetm, taaddi, taarruz, teaddi, tecavüz, tegallüben, tekfir, tezvir, urub, zina, zındık, zulm, and derivatives.

Punishment: diyet, habs, had, idam, kasame, kısas, nefy, recm, tazir, tazmin, tenbih, zindan, and derivatives.

Taxation, prebendal rights, extraction: avarız, behr, beytü’l-mal, cizye, dirlig, ehl-i örf, harac, has, iltizam, miri, mukataa, öşr, reaya, resm, rüsüm-i örfiyye, sahib-i arz, tahrir, tapu, tekalif-i örfiyye, tımar, and derivatives.

Land (not private property): arazi, arz-ı miri, çayır, ihya, mera, mezra, orman, tapu, tarla, toprak, and derivatives.

Contractual—Transactions, employment, gifts: akd, ale’l iştirak, bağış, baha, bayi, bedel, bey, ecr, faide, feraiz, fesh, gabn, galle, hibe, hisse, ibra, icare, iflas, ihraz, ikale, iktisab, iktisam, istibdal, isticar, istiglal, istiğlal, istihdam, istimal, istirbah, istirdad, iştira, ivaz, kabz, kesb, kira, kisb, kıymet, mahcur, masraf, mecür, muamele-i şeriye, mudarebe, müflis, muhasebe, müstecir, müşarik, müşteri, narh, rayic, riba, sarf, satmak, semen, şerik, şira, şirket, şufa, tazmin, teberru, temessük, ticaret, ücret, vade, and derivatives.

Contractual—Debts and loans: ariyet, borç, deyn, gurema, ibra, istidane, istiğlal, istirbah, karz, medyun, müflis, rehn, riba, taksim-i gurema, temessük, vade, and derivatives.

Ritual and worship: abdest, bayram, besmele, cami, cenabet, cuma, dua, ezan, fatiha, gusl, hac, hutbe, ibadet, iftar, iktida, imam, imsak, kabe, keffaret, kıble, kuran, kurban, mesalih, mescid, mesh, mevlit, mihrab, minaret, musalla, müezzin, namaz, nezr, nisab, rekat, resul, sadaka, sala, salavat, savm, secde, sema, sevab, sufi, tekbir, teravih, tesmiye, tevbe, tilavet, zaviye, zekat, zikrullah, and derivatives.

Religious and doctrinal matters: ahiret, ahkam-ı şer, alim, asım, ayet, batıl, beytü’l-mal, bidat, cehennem, cennet, din, eimme, enbiya, facir, farz, fısk, günah, hadis, hanif, haram, helal, hınzır, ilm, imameyn, iman, islam, istiğfar, itikad, kızılbaş, kitabi, kuran, küfr, lanet, maslahat, mekruh, memnu, mezhep, murdar, mushaf, mutekid, mübah, mürted, mütedeyyin, nafiz, napak, nass, nehy, peygamber, resülullah, salah, salih, sevab, sufi, sünnet, şafi, şer, şeytan, tahir, tanrı, tekfir, ulema, vacib, vahi, zındık, and derivatives.

Religious, administrative functionaries and functions: azl, berat, beytü’l-mal, buyuruldu, cizyedar, ferman, hatib, hilafet, hitabet, imam, kadı, kethüda, kitabet, mansıb, mazul, muvazzaf, mübaşir, müderris, müezzin, mürtezika, naib, narh, nasb, nazır, niyabet, padişah, ref, sancak, sipahi, subaşı, sultan, tapu, ulema, vaiz, vezir, vilayet, zabit and derivatives.

Communal matters: ahali, amme, cemaat, hakk-ı şirb, halk, işidilür, karye, kasaba, kasame, köy, kurra, kuyu, mahalle, mera, mezra, müslüman, nas, pınar, reaya, su, şirb-i kadim, tarik-i amm, and derivatives.

Non-Muslims: cizye, dar’ül-harb, hıristo, kafir, kenise, kilise, kitabi, küfür, manastır, nakz-ı ahd, nasrani, rahib, yahudi, zımmi, and derivatives.

Representation, suretyship, guardianship: kefil, müvekkil, tevkil, vasi, vekil, velayet, vesayet, and derivatives.

Agriculture and cultivation: ağaç, arpa, buğday, çimen, darı, ekmek, elma, eşcar, fidan, gars, habbe, harman, hasad, karpuz, keyl, mahsul, meyve, mısır, nabit, nohut, pirinç, saman, soğan, tohum, üzüm, zeytin, ziraat, and derivatives.

Food and beverages: arak, asel, bal, basdırma, ekmek, elma, hamr, hıyar, içmek, kahve, karpuz, kavun, lahm, meyve, soğan, su, süt, şirb, taam, üzüm, yağ, yemek, zeytin, and derivatives.

Animals: bargirl, camus, davar, deri, deve, hayvan, hımar, hınzır, inek, katır, kelb, kısrak, koyun, köpek, kurban, mevaşi, mukari, müsir, otlamak, öküz, saman, sığır, sığırtmaç, yapak, yem, and derivatives.

Intoxicants: afyon, arak, esrar, hamr, kahve, sekran, and derivatives.

Illness, death, and injury: amelmande, boğulub, cerahat, cerh, cünun, defn, ecel, fevt, firaş, hasta, helak, humma, ilaç, kan, maktul, maraz, merhum, mevt, meyyi, mezar, musalla, mübtela, ölmek, sıhhat, tabib, tekfin, vefat, and derivatives.

Military matters: asker, ceng, cihad, ehl-i örf, gazi, harb, hisar, piyade, sancak, sipahi, and derivatives.